MONASTERY MANASIJA |
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Monastery Manasija is a foundation and mausoleum of Despot Stefan Lazarevic. It is located near the river Resava, close to Despotovac. The construction of church “St. Trojica”, large refectory and great fortress lasted from 1406 to 1418. Impressive bulwark with eleven towers, encircled with a ditch and was a modern system of monastery defense. The monastery is built in the Morava school style form which is seen in monuments, while in facade treatment west European style is seen. The monastery Manasija is one of the greatest monuments of Serbian medieval culture and it belongs to the Morava school. |
| First steps of Serbian literacy are connected with Resava school work in monastery Manasija. After the Turks defeated the Bulgarians many educated people and monks found shelter in Serbia, especially in Despot Stefan's palace in his monastery Resava which was named Manasija. Despot Stefan was fond of literature and books, also he used to write, and he formed a centre which used to take corrections of the translated church books and writings, the centre was famous by the name “Resava School”. The leader of this school was a very educated Bulgarian immigrant Constantine, the philosopher.
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Manasija's frescoes famous for their aristocratic beauty and educated iconographic program were made by the best Byzantine painters from the first half of 15th century. In the altar there is a composition the Communion of the Apostles, in the first zone of NAOS were the paintings of the Warrior Saints, monks and the idealized painting of the founder Despot Stefan while he gave the model of the church St. Trojica. In the higher zones were the paintings from Christ's life, miracles and parables. The pillars hold the pictures of Saints circled by the rainbow of colors.
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The most valuable pictures in Manasija are the pictures which by their beauty belong to the greatest works od Serbian medieval art of painting. This is the last monument of the Morava School style. Old and ruined frescoes are very interesting for their great beauty even today. Manasija's frescoes look like the frescoes which we can see in churches in Thessalonica and in Mount Athos, and there is an opinion that the great painters came from Thessalonica, which was the centre of medieval art of painting in the Balkan. There are many writings which tell us of Despot Stefan's death. One of them tells that he died on the horse with a falcon in his hand, he got a heart attack in village Glavica, near Kragujevac, and the next day he died in tent. He was buried with a great ceremony in an already prepared tomb in his foundation, monastery Resava. In the place where he died the marble stone was put with ancient Serbian epitaph. This monument is saved in church in village Stojnik until these days.
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